Station Monitoring Equipment
An amateur radio license allows a lot of latitude for the holder to experiment
and build his own equipment. The point of the testing is to try to ensure that
the license holders are capable of understanding the equipment that they operate
and ensuring that any signals transmitted met FCC requirements, which in general
mirror international requirements/agreements since those signal can potentially
reach, and interfere with services anywhere in the world.
For many amateur radio operators this is not that much of a problem, since the hobby
has moved from building your own station from basic components, or re-purposed ex-military
or commercial equipment, to simply using "black boxes" - radios specifically built for
amateur radio with compliance built-in to the design. That is ok. Amateur radio is a broad
hobby. For some people the interest is in the deasign and construction of the equipment,
for others, simply in using it to communicate, and everything in between.
However, part of the rules requires that you be equipped for, and capable of ensuring that
your transmissions are within the prescribed bands, that any spurious emissions are below
specific limits, that the signal is clean, and not interfering with others. There are no
specified methods for doing this. It is entirely up to the operator.
This describes the equipment that I use. Others will have other ideas.
LP-500
The LP-500 from Telepost (there is a version with a larger screen, the LP-700) is a very useful
piece of equipment, it serves multiple functions:
- Measure SWR
- Measure Power
- Oscilloscope
- Monitor amplifier linearity
- Spectrum analyser
It does more. For the full details look it up on the Telepost website. This is probably enough
in itself to satisfy most station monitoring needs.
Siglent SVA1015X
Over the past few years, equipment that used to cost several tens of thousands of dollars has now become
much cheaper. One example is wide-band spectrum analyzers. This one covers from 10kHz to 1.5GHz.
This also has a vector analyzer function which is enabled by buying a key to unlock it. In its initial
version I would probably have said that it wasn't worth the price that they set, but in newer firmware
updates it is more useful.
Signal Sampler
One of the problems with having a 1kW signal is that you can't feed it directly into the input of the
spectrum analyzer without blowing it up. You really want to check the signal after passing through the
amplifier, because not only can this amplify any spurious emissions from the transmitter to a level
where they become a problem, but it can add its own if it is not correctly adjusted.
What is needed is something to fit in-line with the antenna feeder which will take a small
sample of the signal. Small enough that you can safely apply it to the spectrum analyzer
input.
I built this. It works very well for the purpose.
The plot on the left is testing the insertion loss using the VNA functionality of the SAV1025X.
It is a quite flat response from 1 to 175MHz. Which is quite adequate for my purposes.
Click on the image for a full-size version.